cancer
Pathways
Studies (15)
Impact of Nuclear De Novo NAD+ Synthesis via Histone Dynamics on DNA Repair during Cellular Senescence To Prevent Tumorigenesis
The de novo production of NAD+ in the cell nucleus is central to the DNA repair capacity of aging cells and thus against preventing tumors.
NAD+ homeostasis in human health and disease
In depth review of NAD+, how its made in the human body, how it becomes deficient, and how its deficiency is a causal factor of a wide range of diseases. And how boosting NAD+ via enhancing agents like niacin ( especially niacin since it is the primary, so called Preiss-Handler pathway of manufacture ) can help cure a wide range of diseases.
Nicotinic acid inhibits glioma invasion by facilitating Snail1 degradation
This study grafted malignant gliomas cells (which are one of the most common types of primary brain tumors) into rat brains to see if nicotinic acid administration would help regulate the implanted tumor. ~70% of the allografted rats that were continuously administered with nicotinic acid were still alive on day 58. 100% of control group died by day 24. Biopsy showed much less tumor spread in nicotinic acid rats. Their results suggest that niacin the helps prevent the invasion of other kinds of malignant cells such as melanoma ( skin cancer ) cells and that this points to a general role of nicotinic acid in regulating tumor invasion.
Curcumin Nicotinate Selectively Induces Cancer Cell Apoptosis and Cycle Arrest through a P53-Mediated Mechanism
Curcumin is an anticancer agent, it has demonstrates potent anti-proliferative activity in a wide range of cancer cells, including liver, breast, lung, stomach, colon, prostate, head and neck cancers. This study modified curcumin by adding 2 niacins molecules to it to make Curcumin Nicotinate. They tested it out on some cancer cell cultures and it showed that the Curcumin Nicotinate improved the anti cancer effect of curcumin by improving its cell selectivity.
Niacin protects against UVB radiation-induced apoptosis in cultured human skin keratinocytes
Niacin pretreatment of skin cells protects against UV-induced cell death and apoptosis by enhancing the pro-survival pathways including AKT, mTOR and S6 in skin keratinocytes. Oral and external niacin is safe and appears to be a promising chemo-preventive supplement for reducing the mutagenic, immunosuppressive and cell damage effects of sunlight. This is also the first study providing a molecular mechanism to support that niacin can be utilized as a skin photo-damage protective agent.
Prevention of Cancer by Vitamin B3 (Nicotinamide and Nicotinic Acid)
Nicotinamide, Nicotinic acid (niacin) and the related aromatic amides have been shown to have striking indications of possessing anticarcinogenic properties.
Oral niacin prevents photocarcinogenesis and photoimmunosuppression in mice
Mice subjected to high dose ultraviolet light for about 6 months while fed a diet supplemented with 0%, 0.1%, 0.5%, or 1.0% (by dry weight of feed) of niacin showed 68%, 60%, 48%, and 28% rates of skin cancer respectively, indicating a protective effect. Elevated levels of NAD found in niacin supplemented mice. NAD modulates the function of DNA strand scission surveillance proteins p53 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, two proteins critical in cellular responses to UV-induced DNA damage.
High dietary niacin intake is associated with decreased chromosome translocation frequency in airline pilots
Statistical analysis of 82 airline pilots showed a 42 % decrease in the frequency of chromosome translocations (ie DNA damage from higher rates of ionizing radiation while flying) for those with high compared with low dietary niacin.
The Niacin/Butyrate Receptor GPR109A Suppresses Mammary Tumorigenesis by Inhibiting Cell Survival
The expression of niacin receptor GPR109A is decreased by over 70% in breast cancer samples. It's reduced in early stages, and almost undetectable in advanced stages. Increasing expression of GPR109A seems to act as a tumor suppressor in breast tissue, but interestingly can also acts as tumor protective in other tissues like skin, mechanism of differentiation unknown.
Control of brain tumor growth by reactivating myeloid cells with niacin
Niacin treatment of mice bearing intracranial brain tumor initiative cells increased macrophage representation within the tumor, reduced tumor size, and prolonged survival.
Melatonin in Mitochondria: Mitigating Clear and Present Dangers
It's inferred that the majority of melatonin is created inside the mitochondria, independent of the pineal daylight associated melatonin. Melatonin has a 3 billion year history of use inside cells as a highly efficient anti-oxidant. It functions as an anti-oxidant for both plants and animals. It stimulates synthesis of other antioxidants like glutathione. It's the "swiss army knife" of anti-oxidants and uniquely positioned as the "fox in the hen house" inside the mitochondria where many free radicals originate. Melatonin reverses the Warburg effect and aids in arresting cancer cell growth.
Open AccessReview Minireview Exploring the Biological Cycle of Vitamin B3 and Its Influence on Oxidative Stress: Further Molecular and Clinical Aspects
Overview of how niacin and its metabolites like NAD, NADP, NADPH play a key role in cellular signaling, apoptosis, balancing intestinal flora and gene expression. Without external supply of supply of niacin, the genome becomes unstable via the antioxidant system no longer functioning efficiently, which ultimately leads to cell death.
Niacin requirements for genomic stability
Niacin involved with over 400 NAD+ dependent reactions. Essentially all cancer patients are deficient in niacin. Exposing mice to high levels of UVB radiation to induce skin cancer showed that mice on the highest doses of niacin had the lowest rate of skin cancer at 28% compared to 68% in the control group.
The NAD + precursor nicotinic acid improves genomic integrity in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells after X-irradiation
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (diverse mix of highly specialized immune cells) supplemented with nicotinic acid (niacin) and then blasted by x-ray radiation showed increased NAD+ levels, improved DNA repair efficiency and enhanced genomic stability compared to control.
Pharmacological Intakes of Niacin Increase Bone Marrow Poly(ADP-Ribose) and the Latency of Ethylnitrosourea-Induced Carcinogenesis in Rats
Rats fed high niacin diet and then poisoned with ethylnitrosourea (a potent mutagen) survived for longer and had increase amounts of NAD+ (1-1.5x) and ADP-ribose in their bone marrow.